The 7th Army was a Royal Yugoslav Army Essays - Military

The 7th Army was a Royal Yugoslav Army formation raised prior to the German -led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, during World War II . It consisted of two divisions , two brigade -strength mountain detachments, and a brigade-strength infantry detachment. It formed part of the 1st Army Group , and was responsible for the defence of Yugoslavia's north-western frontier with Italy and Nazi Germany . Despite concerns over a possible Axis invasion, orders for the general mobilisation of the Royal Yugoslav Army were not issued by the government until 3 April 1941, out of fear this would offend Adolf Hitler and precipitate war. When the invasion commenced on 6 April, the 7th Army was only partially mobilised , and on the first day the Germans seized several mountain passes and bridges over the Drava river . Slovene politicians formed a National Council of Slovenia with the intent of separating from Yugoslavia, and on the right flank of the 7th Army, the 4th Army was seriously weakened by Croat fifth column activities within its major units and higher headquarters from the outset. This alarmed the 7th Army commander, Divizijski djeneral HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7th_Army_(Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia)" \l "cite_note-3" [b] HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Du%C5%A1an_Trifunovi%C4%87 " \o "Dusan Trifunovic" Dusan Trifunovic , but he was not permitted to withdraw from the border areas until the night of 7/8 April, and this was followed by the German capture of Maribor on 8 April as they continued to expand their bridgeheads, supported by the Luftwaffe . On 10 April, the German 14th Panzer Division captured Zagreb . Italian offensive operations began the following day, with thrusts towards Ljubljana and down the Adriatic coast, and resulted in the capture of more than 30,000 Yugoslav troops near HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delnice" \o "Delnice" Delnice . When fifth column supporters of the Croatian nationalist HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e" \o "Ustase" Ustase movement arrested the headquarters staff of the 7th Army later that day, the formation effectively ceased to exist. On 12 April, the 14th Panzer Division linked up with the Italians near the Adriatic coast, encircling the remnants of the 7th Army, which offered no further resistance. Ceasefires were implemented from 15 April, and the Yugoslav Supreme Command surrendered unconditionally effective on 18 April.

Polarization essays

Polarization essays On Tuesday, November 14, 1995, in what has been perceived as the years biggest non-event, the federal government shut down all "non-essential" services due to what was, for all intents and purposes, a game of national "chicken" between the House Speaker and the President. And, at an estimated cost of 200 million dollars a day, this dubious battle of dueling egos did not come cheap (Bradsher, 1995, p.16). Why do politicians find it almost congenitally impossible to cooperate? What is it about politics and power that seem to always put them at odds with good government? Indeed, is an effective, well run government even possible given the current adversarial relationship between our two main political parties? It would seem that the exercise of power for its own sake, and a competitive situation in which one side must always oppose the other on any issue, is incompatible with the cooperation and compromise necessary for the government to function. As the United States becomes more extreme in its beliefs in general, group polarization and competition, which requires a mutual exclusivity of goal attainment, will lead to more "showdown" situations in which the goal of good government gives way to political posturing and power-mongering. In this paper I will analyze recent political behavior in terms of two factors: Group behavior with an emphasis on polarization, and competition. However, one should keep in mind that these two factors are interrelated. Group polarization tends to exacerbate inter-group competition by driving any two groups who initially disagree farther apart in their respective views. In turn, a competitive situation in which one side must lose in order for the other to win (and political situations are nearly always competitive), will codify the differences between groups - leading to further extremism by those seeking power within the gr...